What is an electric cell? - An electric cell is a device that produces electricity from chemicals stored inside it., What are the two terminals of a cell called? - Positive terminal and negative terminal., What is a battery? - A battery is a group of two or more cells connected together., What is an electric circuit? - An electric circuit is a closed path through which electric current flows., What happens when a circuit is open? - The current does not flow and the bulb does not glow., What happens when a circuit is closed? - The electric current flows and the bulb glows., What is the filament of a bulb? - The filament is the thin wire inside the bulb that glows when heated., What is a fused bulb? - A bulb with a broken filament is called a fused bulb; it cannot glow., What is a switch? - A switch is a device used to open or close a circuit., Why is a switch used? - To turn an electrical device ON or OFF., What are conductors? - Materials that allow electric current to pass through them., Give two examples of conductors. - Copper, aluminium., What are insulators? - Materials that do not allow electric current to pass through them., Give two examples of insulators. - Plastic, rubber., Why are wires coated with plastic? - Because plastic is an insulator and protects us from electric shocks., Name the metal generally used for electrical wires. - Copper., Why does the bulb glow when the circuit is complete? - Because current flows through the filament, making it hot and causing it to glow., What is the function of a bulb holder? - It holds the bulb and connects its terminals to the circuit., What is the function of a cell holder? - It holds the cell and makes its terminals easily accessible., What is an electric current? - Electric current is the flow of electric charges in a circuit., Why does a fused bulb not glow even in a closed circuit? - Because the filament is broken, so current cannot pass through it., Why should we not touch electrical switches with wet hands? - Water is a conductor and may cause electric shock., What happens if one cell in a battery is put in the wrong direction? - The circuit will not work because the terminals will not match correctly., Why does a torch use more than one cell? - To provide more electrical energy to make the bulb brighter., What is the direction of the electric current in a circuit? - Electric current flows from the positive terminal of the cell to the negative terminal through the circuit., Which gas is present inside an electric bulb? - Argon gas is mainly present inside an electric bulb. Sometimes nitrogen gas is also used., Why is gas filled inside a bulb? - Gas like argon is filled to prevent the filament from burning quickly and to increase the life of the bulb., What energy change happens when a bulb glows? - Electrical energy → Light energy + Heat energy, What is a dry cell? - A dry cell is a device that changes chemical energy into electrical energy and is used in torches, clocks, and toys., What is the positive terminal of a dry cell? - The metal cap is the positive terminal., What is the negative terminal of a dry cell? - The metal flat base is the negative terminal., What type of energy is stored in a dry cell? - Chemical energy., What type of cell is a dry cell—primary or secondary? - Primary cell., Why can’t primary cells like dry cells be recharged? - Their chemical reaction cannot be reversed., What are secondary cells also called? - Storage cells or rechargeable cells., Give one example of a secondary cell. - Lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery., What happens when the chemicals inside a dry cell are finished? - The cell stops producing electricity., What type of energy change takes place inside a dry cell? - Chemical energy → electrical energy., Why are dry cells used in torches and toys? - They are small, portable, and do not leak easily., What is the filament of a bulb made of? - The filament of an electric bulb is made of tungsten.,

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