Mecca - The birthplace of Muhammad and the holiest city in Islam., Medina - The city where Muhammad and his followers fled and formed the first Muslim community., Muhammad - The final prophet of Islam who received messages from God., Qur’an (Koran) - The holy book of Islam containing the revelations given to Muhammad., Islam - A monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Muhammad., Muslim - A follower of the religion of Islam., Five Pillars - Basic religious duties required of all Muslims: Confess Belief, Pray 5 times a day, Trip/Hajj to Mecca, Give to Charity, Fast during Ramadan, Mosque - A place of worship for Muslims., Caravan - A group of traders and animals traveling together across long distances., Caliph - A leader of the Muslim community after Muhammad’s death., Imam - Mosque's prayer leader who guides prayers and provides religious instruction, Sunni - Largest branch of Islam. They believe in the legitimacy of the first four caliphs who succeeded the Prophet., Shia - Second largest branch of Islam, favoring Muhammad's actual family in succession of the Prophet., Sharia - System of Islamic principles derived from the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, Sunnah - secondary source of Islamic law after the Qur'an; reports of the Prophet Muhammad's sayings and actions, which guides Muslims in their daily lives, Theocracy - A government ruled by religious leaders who claim divine guidance, clergy holding political power, laws based on scripture, The Kaaba in Mecca, Saudi Arabia - Holiest site in Islam, cube-shaped structure that serves as the focal point for prayers and the annual Hajj pilgrimage, Tawaf - Involves walking counterclockwise around the Kaaba seven times,

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