Phoneme, The smallest unit of sound in a language that can change meaning., Morpheme, The smallest unit of meaning in a language., Free morpheme, A morpheme that can stand alone as a word., Bound morpheme, A morpheme that must attach to another morpheme to have meaning., Expressive function, The use of language to express feelings, opinions, or attitudes., Phatic function, The use of language to establish or maintain social contact., Metalinguistic function, The use of language to talk about or explain language itself., Arbitrariness, The principle that there is no natural connection between a word’s form and its meaning., Duality of patterning, The feature of language where meaningless sounds combine to create meaningful units., Context, The surrounding situation, relationships, and intentions that influence the meaning of language..

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