What is the key characteristic of Pure Borrowing?, The word is completely changed to fit target language grammar, The original spelling and pronunciation are maintained, Only the meaning is borrowed, not the form, The word is translated word-for-word, Which of the following is an example of Naturalized Borrowing?, Ballet (French → English), Kindergarten (German → English), Sô-cô-la (English chocolate → Vietnamese), Sushi (Japanese → English), In Naturalized Borrowing, the borrowed word is often modified to fit:, Only the spelling system, Only the pronunciation, The phonological and/or grammatical system of the target language, The original cultural context only, The word Croissant (French → English) is an example of:, Pure Borrowing (spelling and pronunciation both preserved), Naturalized Borrowing (spelling preserved but pronunciation changed), Literal Translation, Calque, A calque differs from borrowing because calque:, Keeps the original word unchanged, Changes the meaning completely, Translates each part of a phrase, Removes cultural meaning, "Brainwashing" → Tẩy não, Borrowing, Calque, Literal, Adaptation, "Software" → Phần mềm, Borrowing, Calque, Literal, Omission, What is Calque (loan translation)?, Borrowing the exact sound of a foreign word, Translating each element of a foreign expression literally and combining them, Summarizing the meaning of a foreign text, Replacing idioms with local equivalents, Which of the following is an example of Calque from English to Vietnamese?, Internet → internet, Skyscraper → Nhà chọc trời, Chocolate → sô-cô-la, Computer → máy vi tính, Why can calque sometimes sound unnatural?, Because it uses slang, Because it changes grammar completely, Because it follows source language structure too closely, Because it removes words, Which sentence is an example of borrowing in modern language?, She is reading → Cô ấy đang đọc, Skyscraper → Nhà cao tầng, Cold war → Chiến tranh lạnh, Pizza → pizza, If a translator wants to keep the original cultural structure of a phrase, they will most likely use:, Literal translation, Omission, Calque, Borrowing, Borrowing is often used because:, The target language has no equivalent term, It shortens sentences, It improves grammar, It sounds more formal, "Mouse" (computer device) → Chuột, Borrowing, Calque, Literal, Adaptation, A translator keeps the English word "online" in Vietnamese text. This is an example of:, Calque, Borrowing, Literal translation, Transposition, Which technique is used when translating "Cold war" into "Chiến tranh lạnh"?, Literal translation of a sentence, Adaptation, Borrowing, Calque, What is the primary characteristic of literal translation?, Borrowing foreign words directly, Summarizing the main ideas of the source text, Changing the meaning to fit target culture, Translating word-for-word while preserving original grammar and syntax, Literal translation is NOT suitable when:, The expression is idiomatic, The text is technical, Languages have similar grammar, The sentence is simple, Which technique keeps both meaning and structure closest to the source language?, Borrowing, Calque, Literal translation, Adaptation, "The meeting was canceled" → Cuộc họp đã bị hủy, Modulation, Borrowing, Calque, Literal translation, Why is literal translation sometimes problematic with idioms?, Because idioms have fixed structure, Because idioms have cultural meaning, Because idioms are short, Because idioms are modern, If every word is translated directly and the sentence structure remains the same, the technique is:, Borrowing, Calque, Literal translation, Omission, What is the primary characteristic of literal translation?, Changing the meaning to fit target culture, Translating word-for-word while preserving original grammar and syntax, Borrowing foreign words directly, Summarizing the main ideas of the source text, According to Vinay & Darbelnet, literal translation is most effective between languages that:, Have completely different grammatical structures, Belong to different language families, Belong to the same language family and share cultural similarities, Are spoken on different continents, When is literal translation considered "acceptable" according to Vinay & Darbelnet?, When the translator has no time, When the result is grammatical, natural, and meaningful in the target language, Only for poetry, Only for technical documents.

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