Natural Rights - the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property, Social Contract - the idea that the power give government power and in exchange the government should protect the rights of the people, Representative Democracy - A system of government in which citizens elect representatives, or leaders, to make decisions about the laws for all the people., Federalism - A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments, Separation of Powers - Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law, Checks and Balances - A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power, John Locke - advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property; Said the people can get rid of the government if it breaks the Social Contract, Voltaire - Enlightenment thinker who believed everyone should have freedom of religion and speech., Primary Source - A document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study., Secondary Source - A document created after the historical event, usually someone's interpretation of what happened- Information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an eventInformation gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event, Bill of Rights - The first ten amendments to the Constitution to protect citizens from government abuse, Federalist - A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures; believed in the need for a stronger national government, Anti-Federalist - Anti-Federalists rose up as the opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification. They opposed the Constitution's powerful centralized government, arguing that the Constitution gave too much political, economic, and military control. They instead advocated a decentralized governmental structure that granted most power to the states, Credibility of sources - Qualifications of author, Consistent with other sources, Consider bias & conditions it was created, Declaration of Independence - Says government should be based on the consent of the people, demonstrated ways in which the King had broken the social contract with the colonists, Northwest Ordinance - Created states from new territory gained from revolution- they must ban slavery, have a republican form of gov, protect freedom of religion, etc, Articles of Confederation - 1st government of the US; gave powers to ,

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