defendant - in a civil case, the person or organization against whom the plaintiff brings suit; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime., plaintiff - a person or business that files a formal complaint with the court., motion - a request by a litigant to a judge for a decision on an issue relating to the case., trial - a formal examination of evidence in court by a judge and often a jury, to decide if somebody accused of a crime is guilty or not, legislation - the process of making and passing laws, witness - a person called upon by either side in a lawsuit to give testimony before the court or jury., testimony - evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries., precedent - a court decision in an earlier case with facts and legal issues similar to a dispute currently before a court, statute - a law passed by a legislature., prosecutor - a legal representative who officially accuses someone of committing a crime by bringing a case against that person in a court of law, charge - an official claim that somebody has committed a crime, felony - a serious crime, usually punishable by at least one year in prison., misdemeanor - an offense punishable by one year of imprisonment or less, to be convicted - having officially been found guilty of a crime in a law court, to be acquitted - to decide officially in a court of law that someone is not guilty of a particular crime, ruling - an official decision made by somebody in a position of authority, especially a judge,

basic legal terms

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