Cleft Lip, A gap in the upper lip that causes problems with eating, swallowing, speech, and appearance, Down Syndrome, Caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 may cause mental retardation, Cerebral Palsy, Problems with the motor system: lack of coordination, stiffness, difficulty with speech and paralysis, Spina Bifida, An incompletely formed spinal cord that can lead to paralysis, Tay-Sachs, The body cannot process and use certain fats- causes severe brain damage and death by age four, Sickle Cell Anemia, Malformed red blood cells interfere with the supply of oxygen to all parts of the body- causes tiredness and pain, Cystic Fibrosis, Affects the respiratory and digestive systems, Muscular Dystrophy, Progressive weakness and shrinking of the muscles, affects only males, PKU, The body cannot process and use a protein found in most foods- can lead to brain damage and mental retardation, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), Causes facial deformities, hyperactivity, heart defects, and delayed physical growth, Tobacco Use, Causes low birth weight and premature birth, linked to respiratory infections and allergies in children, Cocaine Use, Infant goes through withdrawal, Causes miscarriage, stillbirths and premature births, babies at a higher risk for SIDS, X-rays, Radiation can cause birth defects, STD's, Can cause blindness, deafness, brain damage. Babies are delivered via a caesarean section to reduce any exposure that exists in the birth canal

Birth Defects

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