Erosion, The breakdown AND removal of rocks, Drainage basin, The area of land drained by a river, Cross valley profile, A series of diagrams show how the river valley changes from source to mouth, Long profile, A diagram showing the gradient of the river from source to mouth, Hydraulic action, The the force of water against the banks and bed of a river, causing the rock to break apart, Abrasion, when rocks grind along the bed or banks, much like sandpaper, Attrition, When rocks and pebbles carried by a river collide with each other, breaking apart and becoming smaller and more rounded, Solution, A type of erosion that occurs when acidic water dissolves certain types of rocks, such as chalk and limestone, Waterfall, A steep drop in river, found where hard rock is on top of soft rock, V - shaped valley, A steep valley in the upper course formed by vertical (downwards erosion, Meander, A bend in the river. Erosion occurs on the outside bend whilst deposition occurs on the inside bend., Floodplain, An area of low-lying land next to a river which is prone to flooding, Levee, naturally raised river banks found on the sides of a river channel that is prone to flooding. They are formed after a flood deposits sediment on the flood plain close to the river, Estuary, The tidal section of a river where it meets the sea. Deposition is dominant here, forming mud banks, Flood, When water overflows a river's banks and onto the surrounding land, Hydrograph, A graph that shows how a river responds to rainfall over time, Hard engineering, Building artificial structures which try to control natural processes e.g. dams, channel straightening, embankments, Soft engineering, A sustainable and natural way to manage the potential for river flooding e.g. floodplain zoning, afforestation and river restoration, Banbury, Our flood case study, Deposition, When a river loses energy and drops the material it has been carrying.

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