Beam, Heavy pieces of lumber that lie across the walls (usually) and serve to support the area above an opening and the ceiling joists, Bird's Mouth, A triangular section cut from the bottom edge of a rafter so that it will rest securely and at the proper angle on the plate of a wall., Blocking, Lumber placed in a wall so that another wall can be nailed to it., Brace, Lumber used to give support and additional strength to another piece of lumber., Cap Plate, A principal piece of lumber that strengthens the top of a wall, allows one wall to tie to another, and serves as a junction., Channel and Corners, An arrangement of lumber used at the corner of a wall or along its interior so that adjoining walls can be attached and nailed., Cripples, Stud-size lumber cut in proper lengths and used as a support between the top plate and door or window header and between the window sill and sole plate., Fascia Board, Lumber nailed to the ends of the top chords of the trusses and rafters to give a finished look to the roof., Fireblock, Stud-size lumber used between studs in a wall to eliminate upward draft, thereby choking a fire that might start in a wall., Girder, A large or principal beam of steel, reinforced concrete, or lumber used to support concentrated loads at isolated points along its length., Gussets, Connectors used to bind together truss chords and webs at the joints. They can be made out of wood or metal., Header, Heavy lumber used to support the area above an opening. Headers are used above window and door openings., Joists, Lumber laid parallel from wall to wall in a building that supports the ceiling or the floor., Let-In-Brace, Diagonal lumber put into a wall so the wall will be stable and remain square., Rafter, A piece of lumber that extends from the cap plate of a building and serves to give slope and support to the covering of the roof., Ridge Board, A longitudinal member at the apex of a roof which supports the upper ends of the rafters., Sheathing, The covering (usually plywood or particle board) placed over exterior studding or rafter of a building., Sill, 2x4 lumber that serves as the bottom of the opening for a window., Sole Plate, A principal piece of lumber that serves as the bottom of a wall and to which studs, trimmers, and cripples are nailed., Stud, 2x4 lumber used to support and connect the sole plate and top plates., Subfloor, A rough floor (usually plywood or particle board) laid on joists, which serves as a base for the finished floor., King Studs, A good straight stud to which headers are nailed., Toe Nailing, Driving a nail at an angle through two pieces of wood., Top Plate, A principal piece of lumber that serves as the top of the wall and to which studs and cripples are nailed., Trimmers, 2x4 lumber used to support door and window headers and window sills., Truss, A framework made up of lumber members called chords and webs which form a light, strong, and rigid structure., Truss Chord, 2x4 lumber used to make the top and bottom chords of a truss., Truss Web, The internal 2x4 lumber of the triangulated truss which gives support and strength to the truss..

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