A stimulus is applied to the membrane, Ligang gated ion channels open, Sodium ions enter the cell, If enough sodium enters the cell to raise the membrane potential to -55 mV (threshold) then, Voltage gated sodium ion channels open, Additional sodium ions enter the cell, membrane becomes depolarised (reaches +30 mV), voltage gated sodium ion channels close and voltage gated potassium ion channels open, Potassium ions leave the cell, the membrane becomes repolarised, potassium ion channels remain open for too long resulting in the membrane become hyperpolarised , sodium-potassium pump removes 3 sodium and brings in 2 potassium ions restoring resting membane potential.

Action Potential Steps

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