We use the second conditional 'if' to talk about imaginary conditions and results in the present or near future. The grammatical tenses are in CAPITAL LETTERS. For example, 'If I WENT to the moon, I WOULD TAKE pictures of Earth. The second conditional = If + ____ + ____ + VERB. Every second conditional sentence has an imaginary condition and an imaginary result in the present or future. For example, 'If I lived in Japan (____), I would eat ramen every day (____).' We use the past simple to describe present imaginary situations. This is very confusing for many people! For example, If I ____ a lot of money...., If I ____ fly...., If I ____ more exercise..., If we ____ tennis..., We use 'could' to describe imaginary capabilities in the present. For example, 'If I ____ go anywhere, I ____ go to Japan.' It's very common that we contract the subject with 'would'. For example, I + would = ____ fly every day if I had wings. you + would = ____ play video games all day if you didn't work. He + would = ____ sleep forever if I didn't wake up. She + would = ____ study in Germany if she had the money. It + would = ____ be a miracle if he arrived early. We + would = ____ live in the Australia if we could get a visa. They + would = ____ play all day on their computers if I didn't take them away! We usually start with the condition part of the sentence and then the result. When we use this structure, we separate the condition and the result with a comma(,). For example, 'If we had a million dollars____ we would buy a house.' We can reverse the sentence structure and put the result first and the condition second. For example, 'We would buy a house if we had a million dollars.' As you can see, we ____ to use a comma if we reverse the structure of the sentence. We can make negatives in both the condition and the result. For example, If I ____ a dog, I ____ walking every day. We can make questions by reversing the order of the subject and 'would'. For example, Would he watch the movie if I put it on the T.V? We can also reverse the condition and the result and say, 'If I put the movie on the T.V, ____ ____ watch it? Try these sentences. If you could go anywhere in the world, where ____ ____ go? He ____ the test if he ____ harder. If you ____ to Mexico, I ____ you the Mayan ruins. ____ your motorbike ____ a bigger engine, it ____ faster. She ____ in the sea even ____ you ____ her! ____ ____ join me to the cinema if I ____ her? ____ you ____ stay at any age, what age ____ ____ choose? ____ you ____ have any superpower, What superpower ____ ____ choose? ____ I ____ in England, I ____ happy because I hate cold weather. ____ she ____ the dress, she'd ____ another one. Andrew's Spanish is great. But if Andrew ____ Spanish, he ____ with the locals. If we ____ a garden, ____ ____ a dog. ____ I ____ you, I ____ tell anyone your secret. ____ have more friends ____ he ____ the house more often. ____ ____ to more places if they ____ a young child. ____ you ____ a car, you ____ take the bus.

'If' - Second Conditional

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