Nuclear Fission - A nuclear reaction in which a heavy atomic nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy., Nuclear Fusion - A nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form one or more larger nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy., Radioactivity - The spontaneous emission of radiation from the nuclei of unstable atoms., Half-Life - The time taken for the number of nuclei in a radioactive substance to halve., Alpha Decay - A type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle, consisting of two protons and two neutrons., Beta Decay - A type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an electron or a positron., Gamma Decay - A type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits a gamma ray, a high-energy photon., Mass Defect - The difference between the mass of an atomic nucleus and the sum of the masses of its individual nucleons (protons and neutrons)., Binding Energy - The energy required to disassemble an atomic nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons. It is a measure of the stability of a nucleus., Binding Energy per Nucleon - The average binding energy per nucleon in a nucleus, calculated by dividing the total binding energy by the number of nucleons in the nucleus., Mass-Energy Equivalence - The principle, derived from Einstein's theory of special relativity, that mass and energy are equivalent and can be converted into each other. The mass-energy equivalence is expressed by the equation E=mc^2, where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light.,

Nuclear Physics

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