Protocols, Rules that govern communications, Standards, Allow different network technologies work together, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Protocol that governs the way a web server and a web client interact, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Transport protocol that manages the individual conversations between web servers and web clients, Internet Protocol (IP), Responsible for taking the formatted segments from TCP, encapsulating them into packets, assigning them the appropriate addresses and delivering them across the best path to the destination host, OSI Model, Open system that has seven layers, TCP/IP Model, Internet standard model that has four layers, Data, The general term for the Protocol Data Unit (PDU) used at the application layer, Segment, Segmented data associated with the transport layer , Packet, Packeted data associated with the network layer , Frame, Associated with the data link layer , Bits, A Physical layer Protocol Data Unit used when physically transmitting data bits over the medium, Bluetooth, Standard used to connect wireless devices over a 10 m distance, Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Known as 2nd generation standard for mobile networks (2G), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Known as 3rd generation standard for mobile networks (2, Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), WAP is the set of rules governing the transmission and reception of data by computer applications on or via wireless devices like mobile phones, Wireless Markup Language (WML), Standard designed to describe content and format for presenting data on limited-bandwidth devices such as mobile phones, IRDA (Infared Data Association), Uses invisible signals to transfer data from one device to another over a short distance.

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