eye contact - maintain directly with occasional breaks for client comfort, facilitative body position - open, attentive, facing client, appropriate use of silence - allows the client to fill in the "voids" in the conversation, voice tone - should reflect the client's and show warmth and support, nonverbal encouragers - use of gestures and head nodding to invite the client to open up, nonverbal skills - eye contact, body position, silence, voice tone, nonverbal encourages, opening skills - verbal encouragers or questions that invite the client to explore deeper but are not very invasive, door opener - "Say more about that.", minimal encourager - "okay" or "I see." or "I hear you.", open question - "Can you tell me more about your problems with math?", closed question - "Is he your ex?", six primary emotions - sadness, joy, anger, surprise, disgust, fear, door closers - "When will you ever learn?" , paraphrasing - reflecting story content and client thoughts, emotional intelligence - the ability to monitor one's own and others' feeling and emotions , reflecting feelings - counselors use this technique to restate the personal impact and significance of the event the client is describing, Victor Frankl - logotherapy; human beings are meaning-makers, reflecting meaning - a significant step beyond reflection of content and emotion; helps us understand the client's unique background and perspective, Arnold Lazarus - multimodal therapy; inner circle strategy to get clients to go deeper, summarizing - pulls together everything a client has said in a brief synopsis of the session up to that point,

Building Blocks for Invitational Skills (Counseling and Helping Relationships)

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