Process - A program in execution, which can have multiple types based on behavior, priority, lifespan, function, resource usage, execution mode, and multiplicity., I/O Bound Processes - Processes that spend more time waiting for I/O operations and have short CPU bursts., Processor-Bound Processes - Processes that spend more time using the CPU and have long CPU bursts., Process ID - An identifier used to uniquely identify a process., Program Code (Text Segment) - The executable code of the program that the process will run., Process State - The current status of the process, such as New, Ready, Running, Waiting, or Terminated., Program Counter (PC) - A register containing the address of the next instruction to be executed., Process Control Block (PCB) - A data structure maintained by the operating system that contains important information about the process., Process Creation - Occur due to a new batch job, user starting a program, OS creating a process to provide a service, or a running program starting another process., Process Termination - Occurring due to reasons like normal termination, execution time-limit exceeded, resource unavailability, execution error, memory access violation, OS or parent process request, or parent process termination., Interrupt - An event that alters the sequence of execution of a process, occurring due to time expiry, OS service request, or I/O completion., Interrupt Handling - The process where the CPU saves the status of the current process, executes another process while waiting for I/O operation to complete, and resumes the original process upon completion of the I/O operation.,

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