biological noises - coughing, crying, low cooing, cooing and laughing - short vowel like sounds, vocal play - controlled single vowel like consonant sounds, babbling - Baby produces phonemes, a combination of vowels and consonant, melodic utterance - melody, rhythm and innotation devleoped, reduplicated babbling - simpler form of babbling which appears first and involves the child repeatedly creating the same sounds, Variegated babbling - emerges slightly later and involves variation in the consonant and vowel sounds being produced, phonemic contraction - at around 9 to 12 months, the child will start to discard sounds they no longer need, reduplication - babbling repettiton of sound, deletion - Omitting phenomes for words, Consonant cluster reduction - simplyfing pronunciation, substitution - substituting a harder to pronounce sound for an easier one, addition - extra vowel often added, assimilation - Vowels or consonants in a word are given similar characteristics, syllable reduction of unstressed syllables - syllables that are not stressed in words are removed, proto words - made up words that a child will use to represent a word they might not yet be able to use, diminutives - the reduction in scale of an item through the way this word is created, operant conditioning - s a type of learning where behaviours are modified through the use of punishments, negative reinforcement - provide consequences to negative behaviors to stop it from happening again, positive reinforcement - rewarding a positive behaviour to encourage it happening again, phonology - study of patterns of sounds in a language,

Phonological development

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