Which statement best explains a weakness of a file-based structure when data volume grows significantly?, A) Retrieval may become slower without indexed access methods, B) Files become impossible to back up, C) Users cannot save records anymore, D) Storage devices stop functioning, Which example is verification rather than validation?, A) Checking age entered is between 16 and 100, B) Comparing entered email twice for a match, C) Ensuring postcode has correct format, D) Restricting quantity to positive numbers, Why does validation alone not guarantee accurate data?, A) Validation deletes incorrect records automatically, B) Validation prevents duplication completely, C) Validation only works offline, D) Data may meet rules but still be factually wrong, Which scenario most strongly supports using a directory-based structure instead of file-based storage?, A) A tiny list of five names used once yearly, B) A poster printed for a noticeboard, C) Frequent searching of millions of customer records, D) One handwritten stock sheet, A supermarket’s sales system shows a sudden 300% rise in milk sales for one day caused by a barcode error. If used without checking, this data would mainly reduce:, A) Accessibility, B) Reliability, C) Capacity, D) Portability, Why can accurate source data still become unreliable after transfer?, A) Verification checks may be absent during migration, B) Directories increase storage size, C) File names are too short, D) Marketing campaigns overwrite RAM, Why might a file-based structure become unsuitable for high-frequency transaction systems?, A) It cannot store numeric values, B) Sequential retrieval can create delays at scale, C) It disables backups permanently, D) It only works on SSDs, Why is duplicate record creation harmful to targeted marketing?, A) It increases parity bits, B) It speeds all queries equally, C) It improves segmentation accuracy, D) Customers may receive repeated or conflicting promotions, Which statement best explains reliable data?, A) Data that is colourful and well presented, B) Data that is accurate, consistent and fit for use, C) Data stored only in spreadsheets, D) Data entered by one employee only.

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