1) The table shows the chemical formulas for substances. Which substances have the same number of carbon atoms? a) 1 and 2 b) 2, 3, 4 c) 2, 3 d) 1, 3 2) TThe equation represents a chemical reaction that occurs in living cells. How many atoms are represented in the reactants of this equation? a) 6 b) 12 c) 24 d) 36 3) Which elements are in the same group? a) 1, 2 b) 1,4 c) 2,3 d) 3,4 4) An Element of a certain element contains 11 protons and 1 valence electron. Which one is true about this element? a) The element is sodium and it's highly reactive b) The element is fluorine, and it is not very reactive. c) The element is sodium, and it is not very reactive. d) The element is fluorine, and it is highly reactive. 5) Based on the information in the table, which conclusion about the chemical reactivity of these elements is valid? a) Boron is the most reactive because it has the most protons. b) Fluorine is the most reactive because it has 7 electrons in the outer shell. c) Silicon is the most reactive because it has an equal number of protons and neutrons. d) DGallium is the most reactive because it has many more neutrons than protons. 6) What is the difference between the number of electrons in an atom of selenium, Se, and the number of electrons in an atom of aluminum, Al? a) 21 b) 22 c) 41 d) 11 7) What discovery did Ernest Rutherford find about atoms? a) protons orbiting a dense nucleus made of electrons and neutrons b) electrons orbiting a dense nucleus made of protons and neutrons c) neutrons and protons orbiting a cloud of electrons d) electrons and protons orbiting a cloud of neutrons 8) What is the density if Mass = 14.7g and Volume = 2.2cm3 (D=M/V) a) .15 g/cm3 b) 32 g/cm3 c) 13 g/cm3 d) 6.7g/cm3 9) based on the chart, which type of rock does the student have? a) Coal b) Dolomite c) Peridotite d) Sandstone 10) Aluminum, sulfur, and chlorine are elements found on the periodic table. Tests involving these three elements would show that at normal room temperature -l room temperature a) sulfur is malleable and aluminum conducts electricity b) chlorine is malleable and conducts electricity c) aluminum is malleable and conducts electricity d) all three elements are malleable and conduct electricity 11) What would help a student to classify something as metal or non-metal? a) Is the material malleable or ductile? b) Does the material feel hard to the touch? c) Will the material float in water? d) Does the material feel rough or smooth? 12) Which of these types of transformation of energy was used first by humans? a) atomic energy to heat energy b) chemical energy to light energy c) energy in rivers to mechanical energy d) energy from the Sun to electrical energy 13) Which toy car had the greatest applied force? F=MA a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 14) The energy related to the motion of an object is called — a) Potential Energy b) Kinetic Energy c) Electrical d) Chemical Energy 15) In which of these activities would a spring scale be MOST useful? a) A determining the nesting areas of birds b) measuring the force needed to lift a book c) Observing the flow of heat d) Different wing shapes of insects 16) Which of the following best illustrates an application of Newton’s First Law (also called the law of inertia) a) a passenger not wearing a seatbelt is ejected. b) Wing glasses remain on a table when the tablecloth is yanked c) Ice hockey puck continues to slide across the ice until it comes in contact with stick d) all of these are examples 17) According to Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia) a) When you lean back against a chair, the chair pushes back.  b) When you kick a ball, the ball pushes back against your foot. c) When you push a cart it still rolls forward d) when you hit a baseball, the bat can vibrate 18) Sara used a piece of lab equipment to change electrical energy to heat energy. What did she likely do? a) warmed a liquid in a test tube b) used a hot plate to boil a beaker of water c) mixed two chemicals to produce heat 19) Solar converted into a form of energy humans can use to work and perform life processes, the best example of this is :  a) Radiant - Mechanical - Chemical b) Heat - Light - Photosynthesis c) radiant - chemical - mechanical d) mechanical - chemical - radiant 20) Energy transformation occurs when a splitting atom releases energy to heat water to produce steam. How do you describe this energy transformation? a) chemical - heat b) electrical - heat c) heat - nuclear d) nuclear - heat 21) Energy stored in foods is___: Digested food releases ___energy for movement and ______ energy as heat. a) chemical, mechanical, thermal b) radiant, thermal, mechanical c) heat, mechanical, thermal d) mechanical, thermal, chemical 22) What energy transformations occur when propane gas is used to lift the balloon? a) mechanical - light - chemical b) thermal - chemical - light c) chemical - thermal - mechanical 23) A car traveled 500 m at 30 km/hr, then traveled 200 m at 40 km/hr. Which graph BEST illustrates the car's travels? a) b) c) d) 24) If a car is moving on a road at 70 km/hr going due north, and then changes direction and starts traveling north-east staying at 70 km/hr, what happens to its speed and velocity? a) Velocity changes, speed stays the same b) speed changes, but velocity stays the same c) both speed and velocity change d) neither speed or velocity change 25) When an object is acted on by unbalanced forces, the object will ALWAYS — a) accelerate b) continue in the same direction c) continue at the same speed d) come to a stop 26) Martin gathered a toy car, a ramp, a stopwatch, a meter stick, and a variety of weights. What is he likely testing? a) how the angle of the ramp affects the speed of the car b) how the mass affects the speed of the car c) how friction affects the speed of the car d) how equal forces work on the placement of the car and the ramp 27) Newton's First Law of motion states, "Things in motion stay in motion unless an unbalanced force acts upon it." On Earth, objects always seem to stop when more force is not being applied. What is causing the objects to stop? a) The normal force b) friction c) weight d) none of the above 28) In the diagrams below, two forces are exerted on an object. The forces arerepresented by arrows. The length of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the force. In which of the diagrams will the motion of the object remain unchanged (balanced force)? a) b) c) d) 29) 9 At which point on the track is the car accelerating? a) A b) B c) C d) Car is not accelerating 30) At which point is the velocity of the car the same? a) A and B b) A and C c) B and C d) velocity is not the same at any points 31) Which of the following would be found in the part labeled X in the Venn diagram? a) shows the direction of an object b) shows change in speed c) shows how fast an object is going d) shows change in direction  32) Which of the following would be found in the Velocity part of the Venn diagram? a) shows how fast an object is going b) shows change in speed c) shows how fast an object is going d) shows a change in direction 33) A student who was training for a cross country race jogged for 2.0 hours and covered a distance of 14.0 kilometers. What was the average speed of the student? a) 28 km/hr b) 7 km/hr c) 12 km/hr d) .14 km/hr 34) Which of the following best describes the velocity of an object? a) 30 m/s b) 30 m east c) 30 m/s east d) 30 m/s2 35) A dog walks away from home at a constant pace for 20 minutes. Next, he stops for a 10-minute nap under a tree. Finally, he walks back home at a constant pace and comes to a stop. Which graph below best represents the motion of the dog in terms of distance from home over time? a) b) c) d) 36) Based on the information in the chart, what is a valid conclusion that the student can make about the runner’s motion? a) The average speed of the runner remained constant as the runner covered more distance. b) The average speed of the runner increased as the runner covered more distance. c) The average speed of the runner decreased as the runner covered more distance. d) The average speed of the runner increased and then remained constant as the runner covered more distance 37) When a car suddenly stops, the objects in the back seat are thrown forward. This is explained by - a) Newton's 1st law of motion b) Newton's 2nd law of motion c) Newton's 3rd law of motion d) Newton's Law of Figgy Pudding 38) The picture above illustrates the horizontal forces acting on a car. The car’s engine force pushes forward, while friction between the tires and the road, along with wind resistance drag at the car in the backwards direction. Which of the following must be true about these forces if the car is driving forward on a level road at a constant speed of 45 miles per hour? a) force on the engine must be greater than the force of gravity acting on the car b) the force of the engine forward must be greater than the combined forces of friction c) the force of the the engine forward must be less than the combine forces of friction backward d) the force of the engine forward must be equal to the combined resistance forces. 39) Which toy car had the greatest applied force? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

Benchmark/Final Review (8th Grade Science)

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