Autotroph - organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds: also called a producer, Heterotroph - organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes: also called a consumer, Adenosine Triphosphate - one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy, Photosynethesis - process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into odygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches, Pigment - light-absorbing molecule, Chlorophyll - principle pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms: captures light energy, Thylakoid - sac-like photosynthetic membrane found in chloroplasts , Photosystem - process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches, Stroma - region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts, Calvin Cycle - reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high energy compounds such as sugars, NADP+ - One of the carrier molecules that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules, Light Dependent Reactions - reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH, Glycolysis - First step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid, Cellular Respiration - process that releases energy by breking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen, Fermentation - process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen, Aerobic - process that requires oxygen, Anaerobic - process that does not require oxygen,

Unit 4 Vocabulary

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