Carbohydrates (10): Monomers = Monosaccharides, Monosaccharides = Simple sugars, like glucose, fructose, galactose), Polymers = Disaccharides (two monosaccharides linked together), Disaccharides = Sucrose, lactose, Polymers = Polysaccharides (many monosaccharides linked together), Polysaccharides = Complex carbs, glycogen, cellulose, In nutrition, known as sugars & starches, Monomers are quickly used by the body to produce energy, Polymers are a good source of lasting energy, Elements = Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Proteins (8): Monomers = Amino Acids, Amino Acids = 20 types, glycine, lysine, adenine), Polymers = Polypeptides (chains of amino acids), Polypeptides = Fold into functional proteins (enzymes, membrane proteins), Building blocks to make large and complex protein polymers that have thousands of functions in our bodies!, Human Body = Hemoglobin, Keratin, Enzyme, Plants = RuBisCO, Storage proteins, Elements = Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and sometimes Sulfur (S), Lipids (13): Monomers = Glycerol and fatty acids, Polymers = Triglycerides, Triglycerides = Fats and oils, Polymers = Phospholipids, Phospholipids = Form cell membranes, Polymers = Sterols, Sterols = Cholesterol, some vitamins and hormones), Long carbon chains, Large amounts of carbon provide a good source of long lasting energy for the body, Some fats can clog arteries (cholesterols), Human Body = Adipose tissue and phospholipids, Plants = Oils and Waxes, Elements = Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O) (less oxygen than in carbohydrates), Nucleic Acids (9): Monomers = Nucleotides, Nucleotides = Composed of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base, Polymers = Polynucleotide, Polynucleotide = DNA and RNA, DNA = Stores genetic information, RNA = Function involved in protein synthesis, Human body and plants both have DNA and RNA, Human Body = ATP, Elements = Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P),

Biomolecules (Part 2)

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