1) _________________is a DNA segment that allows a gene to be transcribed . It helps RNA polymerase find where a gene starts.(in prokaryote) a) Promoter b) Repressor 2) ____________is a DNA segment that turns a gene on or off .(in prokaryote) a) Promoter  b) Operator 3) ________________is a region of DNA that includes a promoter , an operator , and one or more genes. (in prokaryote) a) Promoter b) Operon 4) The lac operon has ________________genes that code for enzymes that break down _______________ a) 1, glucose b) 2, glucose c) 3, lactose 5) When lac operon is turned on , Transcription is __________________ a) On b) Off 6) When lac operon is turned off , Transcription is __________________ a) On b) Off 7) Explain what happen when lactose is absent ? a) Transcription is Off b) Transcription is On 8) Explain what happen when lactose is present ? a) Transcription is Off b) Transcription is On 9) ________________transcribe the genes in the lac operon .  a) RNA polymerase b) DNA polymerase 10) ________________that bind to promoters and other DNA sequences help RNA polymerase recognize the start of a gene in a eukaryotic cells . a) Repressor b) Transcription factors 11) Eukaryotic cells have seven-nucleotide promoter called _____________ a) AAAA box b) TATA box 12) __________________ speed up or slow down the rate of transcription.(In eukaryotes ) a) Repressor b) Enhancer and silencer  13) What is mRNA processing ? a) Editing mRNA b) Editing DNA 14) __________________are nucleotide segments that codes for parts of the protein . a) Exons b) Introns  15) __________________are nucleotide segments that intervene between exons .(noncoding for protein  a) Exons b) Introns 16) _________________is a change in an organism's DNA a) Mutation b) Mutagen 17) What are the two types of Gene Mutation ? a) Substitution , Frameshift  b) Duplication , Translocation  18) _______________is a mutation in which one nucleotide is substituted for another. a) Point mutation  b) Frameshift Mutation  19) ___________________involves the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence . a) Point mutation b) Frameshift Mutation 20) What type of mutation ? a) Substitution  b) Insertion  c) Deletion  21) What type of mutation ? a) Substitution b) Insertion c) Deletion 22) What type of mutation ? a) Substitution b) Insertion c) Deletion 23) Give two types of chromosomal mutation ? a) Substitution , Frameshift b) Duplication , Translocation 24) Which type of mutation results from crossing over between homologous chromosomes when they do not align with each other ? a) Duplication b) Translocation 25) Which type of mutation results from crossing over between nonhomologous chromosomes ? a) Duplication b) Translocation 26) Which mutation has big effect on an organism ? a) Chromosomal mutation b) Gene mutation 27) Which mutation does not have effect on an organism ? a) Silent b) Translocation 28) Which mutation can pass to the offspring ? (In body cell or germ cell ) a) In body cell b) In germ cell 29) What is the time of point mutation ? a) Replication b) Meiosis 30) What is the time of chromosomal mutation ? a) Replication b) Meiosis 31) What are mutagens ? What do they do ? a) are changes of the DNA b) are agents in the environment that can change DNA

10SAT Biology (Final Revision)8.6: Gene expression ,8.7: Mutation

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