Evolution, the change in the genetics of a population over time, Adaptation, an inherited characteristic that helps an organism to survive, Artificial Selection, occurs when humans decide which organisms to breed, Natural Selection, occurs when the environment chooses the most fit organisms to breed, Biodiversity, the number of different types of species living in an ecosystem, Speciation, the formation of a new species, Geographic Isolation, a new species is formed when a population is separated be a physical barrier (ex. mountain, ocean), Adaptive Radiation, several new species are formed from one common ancestor, Convergent Evolution, occurs when natural selection causes unrelated species to resemble each other (ex. sharks & dolphins), Coevolution, occurs when two species evolve in response to each other (ex. humming birds & flowers), Fossil, the actual remains or any trace of an organism from the past, Sedimentary, Type of rock that contains fossils, Homologous Structures, organisms that have similar structures with different functions (ex. cat's leg & bird's wing), Vestigial Structures, the useless parts in animals that no longer serve a function (ex. appendix), Embryology, the study of the development of an embryo, Common Ancestor, What does it mean if 2 species have similar DNA?, Macroevolution, type of evolution that occurs on a large scale over a long period of time (ex. Whales living in the ocean, Microevolution, type of evolution that occurs on a small scale within a few generations (ex. antibiotic resistant bacteria), Migration, individuals moving into or out of an area, Genetic Drift, the change in the gene frequencies in a population

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