matter - anything that has mass and takes up sapce , mass - amount of matter in an object , volume - amount of space something takes up , density - amount of matter in a given space , atom - smallest unit of matter, molecules - two or more atoms bonded together , properties - characteristics of a substance, flammable, shiny, , Periodic Table of Elements - all the elements known to humans in order of increasing atomic number , states of matter - solid, liquid, gas , kinetic energy - energy of matter in motion , potential energy - energy of matter at rest because of position , element - pure substance listed on the Periodic Table of Elements, example Oxygen , energy - ability to do work or cause change , temperature - measure of average energy of random motion of particles of matter , thermal energy - total energy of all particles in an object , melting point - temperature when a solid to changes to a liquid, freezing point - temperature liquid changes to a solid , boiling point - temperature liquid changes to a gas , proton - positive part of an atom's nucleus , neutron - neutral part of an atom's nucleus , electron - negative charged particle orbiting around an atom's nucleus , weight - the force of gravity on an object, physical properties of matter - how matter is described according to physical characteristics; characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into something else; ex. luster, solid - Definite shape and volume, liquid - A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume., gas - A state of matter with no definite shape or volume, physical change - A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance, chemical change - A change in matter that produces one or more new substances, chemical property - the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change,

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