Natural Selection, causes evolution when the "best" traits help the organisms survive in an particular environment, Artificial Selection, when humans select the "best traits", Species, a group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring, Gene Pool, all of the HERITABLE traits in a population, Variation, differences among organisms, Adaptation, traits that help an organism survive and reproduce in a specific environment, Causes of Variation, crossing over, sexual reproduction and random good mutations, Frequency of Traits in the Population, Evolution changes...., Homologous Structures, Traits that have same structure, but different function-- lead to a common ancestor :), Analogous Structures, traits with same function, but different structure -- do not lead to a common ancestor :(, Mimicry, adaptation when an organism copies another -- perhaps more dangerous-- species, Molecular Evidence for Evolution, DNA, RNA, amino acids, proteins, Anatomical Evidence for Evolution, camouflage, fossils, specialized body parts, Vestigial Structures, traits that do not have function in a current species, but did in an ancestor-- links species to a common ancestor, Adapted, this does not happen in evolution b/c organisms cannot change their DNA/ or traits they born with, Genetic drift, Surviving by chance- at the right place at the right time, not because you have the best traits, Bottleneck, Type of genetic drift, a large portion of the population dies and those that survive do not necessarily have the best traits, Founder effect, Type of genetic drift, a portion of the population becomes physically separated, those in the new population do not necessarily have the best traits, Gene flow, The transfer of genes (alleles) to a population due to migration, Stabalizing, Outcome of evolution in which the intermediate phenotype is selected, Directional, Outcome of evolution in which one of the two extreme phenotypes is selected, Disruptive, Outcome of evolution in which both of the extreme phenotypes are selected, Sexual dimorphism, A type of disruptive selection in which males & females are selected to have distinct features, Neutral Trait, Variations that are neither selected for nor against because they do not help them survive & reproduce

Evolution Review

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