Crossing Over - Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Causes genetic variation in offspring, Meiosis - A type of cell division that creates gametes. It results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell., Gametes - Sex cells (sperm and egg), Somatic Cells - Body cells (skin, brain, muscle, etc), Fertilization - Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell, Zygote - Fertilized egg, Haploid - having half the number of regular chromosomes , Diploid - containing a complete set of chromosomes, Prophase 1 - Phase of meiosis where crossing over occurs, Genetic Variation - Differences among individuals in the composition of their genes, Homologous Chromosomes - Pair of chromosomes that are the same size, same appearance and same traits., Prophase - Chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane dissolves, Metaphase - Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, Anaphase - Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell, Telophase 1 / Cytokinesis - Two new haploid cells form, Telophase 2 / Cytokinesis - Four new nuclei form, cytokinesis splits the cells' cytoplasm to form four haploid cells,

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