what does MAIN stand for? - militarismo,alliances,imperialismo,nationalism., What event sparked World War I? - The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary., Who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand? - Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand., What were the two major alliance systems before WWI? - The Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente., Which nations were part of the Triple Entente? - France, Russia, Which nations were part of the Triple Alliance? - Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy., Why was nationalism a long-term cause of WW!? - It increased tensions and pushed ethnic groups to seek independence, How did imperialism contribute to WWI? - Competition for colonies heightened rivalries between European, What is militarism? - The build-up and glorification of military power, How did alliances make a larger war more likely? - Countries were obligated to support their allies, pulling many nations into conflict, Who were the Central Powers! - German, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria, Who were the Allied Powers? - Great Britain, France, Russia (until 1917), Italy (after 1915), and the United States (after 1917)., What is trench warfare? - A type of warfare in which soldiers fought from long, defensive, what was No Man is Land? - The dangerous area between opposing trenches., Name two new technologies used in WWI - Machine guns, poison gas, tanks, airplanes, submarines., Why was poison gas significant? - It caused severe injuries and psychological terror., Which battle symbolized the horrors of trench warfare? - The Battle of the Somme., What was unrestricted submarine warfare? - Germany's policy of sinking any ship near Britain without warning, Why was the sinking of the Lusitania important? - It increased U.S. anger toward Germany and pushed the U.S. closer to war., What was the Zimmerman Telegram? - A German message encouraging Mexico to attack the U.S. in exchange for lost territories., When did the United States enter WWI? - 1917, Why did Russia withdraw from WWI? - The Russian Revolution and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk., How did U.S. entry into the war affect the Allies? - It boosted morale and provided fresh troops and supplies., What is total war? - When a country devotes all resources—military and civilian—to the war effort., How was propaganda used during WW!? - To influence public opinion, encourage enlistment, and support the war effort., How did women contribute to the war effort? - They worked in factories, took industrial jobs, and served as nurses., What is rationing? - Limiting civilian use of goods to support the military., What was the Selective Service Act? - A U.S. law requiring men to register for the draft., What was the Great Migration? - Movement of African Americans from the rural South to northern cities for industrial jobs., Why did factories shift to wartime production? - To supply weapons, ammunition, and equipment needed for war., When did WWI end? - November 11, 1918 (Armistice Day)., What is an armistice? - An agreement to stop fighting., Which major empires collapsed after WWI? - The Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and German Empires., What were Wilson's Fourteen Points? - President Woodrow Wilson's plan for postwar peace., What was the League of Nations? - An international organization created to prevent future wars., Why didn't the U.S. join the League of Nations? - The U.S. Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles., What was the Treaty of Versailles? - The treaty that officially ended WWI., What was the War Guilt Clause? - A clause blaming Germany for starting WWI., How was Germany punished in the Treaty of Versailles? - Loss of territory, military restrictions, and heavy reparations., What are reparations? - Payments for damages caused during the war., How many soldiers died in WW!? - About 10 million., What global event followed immediately after WW!? - The 1918 influenza pandemic., How were colonial troops involved in WWI? - Millions served in European armies or supported them as laborers., What political ideologies grew after WW!? - Communism in Russia and fascism in Italy and Germany., What economic impact did WWI have on Europe? - Severe debt and economic devastation., Why did German resentment grow after WW!? - Harsh penalties under the Treaty of Versailles., What new nations were formed after WWI? - Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and others., What happened to the Ottoman Empire after WWI? - It was dismantled; Turkey became an independent nation-state., Why was WWI called 'The war to end all wars"? - Many hoped it would create lasting peace., How did WWI set the stage for WWII? - The harsh treatment of Germany fueled anger, nationalism, and the rise of extremism.,

La primera guerra mundial

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