Soviet Union - A powerful group of Communist republics (= countries without a king or queen) including Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, and 11 others that existed in Europe and Asia from 1922 to 1991, Cold War - An ongoing political rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies that developed after World War II., Reparations - A levy on a defeated country forcing it to pay some of the war costs of the winning countries., Berlin Wall - Built by the German Democratic Republic during the Cold War to prevent its population from escaping Soviet-controlled East Berlin to West Berlin, which was controlled by the major Western Allies., Self-Determination - The process by which a group of people, usually possessing a certain degree of national consciousness, form their own state and choose their own government., Policy of Containment - The U.S. approach to containing, or preventing, the spread of Communism after World War II., Domino Effect - A Cold War policy that suggested a communist government in one nation would quickly lead to communist takeovers in neighboring states, each falling like a row of dominos., Iron Curtain - A metaphor for the extreme political and ideological division that separated Western Europe from the Soviet Union and its satellite states in the east., Foreign Policy - A policy pursued by a nation in its dealings with other nations, designed to achieve national objectives., Truman Doctrine - The policy of President Truman, as advocated in his address to Congress on March 12, 1947, to provide military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey and, by extension, to any country threatened by Communism or any totalitarian ideology., Marshall Plan - Proposed that the United States provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe., NATO - The United States and 11 other nations establish the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a mutual defense pact aimed at containing possible Soviet aggression against Western Europe., Policy of Brinkmanship - Brinkmanship is the practice of forcing a confrontation in order to achieve a desired out-come; in the Cold War, brinkmanship meant using nuclear weapons as a deterrent to communist expansion around the world., Warsaw Pact - The Warsaw Pact was a collective defence treaty established by the Soviet Union and seven other Soviet satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe, Space Race - The “space race” was a Cold War competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to develop aerospace capabilities, including artificial satellites, unmanned space probes, and human spaceflight., Arms Race - A competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons, especially between the U.S. and the former USSR during the Cold War., People's Republic of China - It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India., Korean War - The Korean War was a proxy war for the Cold War. The West—the United Kingdom and the U.S., supported by the United Nations—supported South Korea, while communist China and the Soviet Union supported North Korea. The Korean War ended three years later, with millions of casualties., McCathyism - McCarthyism is the practice of making accusations of subversion and treason, especially when related to anarchism, communism, and socialism, and especially when done in a public and attention-grabbing manner., Second Red Scare - The Second Red Scare, which occurred immediately after World War II, was preoccupied with the perception that national or foreign communists were infiltrating or subverting American society and the federal government. The name refers to the red flag as a common symbol of communism., Cuban Missile Crisis - The Cuban missile crisis was a major confrontation in 1962 that brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to war over the presence of Soviet nuclear-armed ballistic missiles in Cuba., Bay of Pigs - The Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1961 was a failed attack launched by the CIA during the Kennedy administration to push Cuban leader Fidel Castro from power., Vietnam War - The Vietnam War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States., Sputnik - The USSR rocketed to the lead in the Cold War's "Space Race" with the launch of Sputnik, a basketball-sized satellite that became the first manmade object to orbit the Earth., General Secretary Grobachev - Mikhail Gorbachev ruled the Soviet Union as General Secretary until 1990, when the Communist Party lost its monopoly of power over the political system. The office of President of the Soviet Union was established so that Gorbachev could still retain his role as leader of the Soviet Union., Counter Cultural Movement - The counterculture movement, from the early 1960s through the 1970s, categorized a group of people known as "hippies" who opposed the war in Vietnam, commercialism and overall establishment of societal norms., Hostilities - Unfriendliness or opposition., Castro - Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 2008., House Un-American Activities Committee - HUAC was created in 1938 to investigate alleged disloyalty and rebel activities on the part of private citizens, public employees and organizations suspected of having Communist ties. Citizens suspected of having ties to the communist party would be tried in a court of law., Berlin Airlift - The Berlin airlift was a 1940s military operation that supplied West Berlin with food and other vital goods by air after the Soviet Union blockaded the city. The operation lasted from June 1948 until September 1949., 38th Parallel - Popular name given to latitude 38° N that in East Asia roughly demarcates North Korea and South Korea.,

Cold war

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