Alcohols, contain an —OH (hydroxyl) group bonded to a carbon atom with four single bonds, , , Amines, contain an amino group, a nitrogen atom bonded to one, two, or three carbon atom(s) by single bonds, , , , Aldehydes, contain a carbonyl (C═O) group (R-H), , , , Ketones, contain a carbonyl (C═O) group (R-R'), , , , Carboxylic Acids, contain a carboxyl (—COOH) group, , , Esters, are derivatives of carboxylic acids in which the carboxyl hydrogen is replaced by a carbon-containing group, , , Amides, are derivatives of carboxylic acids in which the —OH of the carboxyl group is replaced by an amine, , .

Functional Groups

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