At the end of the 1800s and beginning of the 1900s, Europe was full of ____. Countries like France, Germany, and Britain competed for colonies and power. ____—strong pride in one’s country—made these rivalries worse. In the Balkans, smaller countries wanted ____ from big empires like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. Alliances also added to the danger: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy were in one group (Triple Alliance), while France, Britain, and Russia were in another (Triple Entente). These alliances meant that if one country went to war, others would quickly ____. World War I started in 1914 when a man from Serbia killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the ____ to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia and ____ war. Because of the ____, more countries joined, and the war spread quickly. Fighting continued for years in ____, where soldiers lived in terrible conditions. In 1917, Russia left the war after a revolution, and the USA joined after German submarines attacked American ships. The war ended in 1918 when Germany ____. This war was called a "total war" because it involved ____—not just soldiers. Men were sent to fight, and women worked in factories to make weapons. Civilians suffered from food shortages and bombings. Governments used ____ to encourage support for the war and to make people hate the ____. Many people were forced to stay quiet if they disagreed with the war, as public disagreement would be considered ____. The war caused great ____ and changed the world forever.

WWI

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