Grammar-translation method - A way of teaching in which students study grammar and translate words into their own language. They do not practise communication and there is little focus on speaking. A teacher presents a grammar rule and vocabulary lists and then students translate a written text from their own language into the second language., Guided discovery - A way of teaching in which a teacher provides examples of the target language and then guides the students to work out the language rules for themselves., Lexical approach - A way of teaching language that focuses on lexical items or chunks such as words, multiword units, collocations and fixed expressions rather than grammatical structures., Presentation practice production  - A way of teaching new language in which the teacher presents the language, gets students to practise it in exercises or other controlled practice activities and then asks students to use or produce the same language in a communicative and less controlled way., Task-based learning - A way of teaching in which the teacher gives students meaningful tasks to do. After this the teacher may ask students to think about the language they have used when doing the tasks, but the main focus for students is on the task itself., Test teach test - A way of teaching in which the teacher asks students to do a task to see how well they know a certain piece of language. The teacher then presents the new language to the students, then in the final stage asks the students to do another task using the new language correctly. This way of approaching teaching target language can be helpful if the teacher thinks the students may already know some of the target language., Total Physical Response - A way of teaching in which the teacher presents language items as instructions and the students have to do exactly what the teacher tells them, e.g. Open the window! Stand up! This method is good for beginners when they start to learn a new language, as they have a silent period and can make fast progress., CLIL - eaching subjects such as science, history and geography to students through a foreign language.,

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