Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - Compound used by cells to store and release energy, Heterotroph - Organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer, Autotroph - Organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer, Photosynthesis - Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches, Pigment - Light-absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy, Chlorophyll - Principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms, Thylakoid - Saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts, Stroma - Fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids, NADP+ - Carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules, Light-Dependent Reactions - Set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH, Light-Independent Reactions - Set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle, Photosystem - Cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids, Electron Transport Chain - Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions, ATP Synthase - Cluster of proteins that span the thylakoid membrane and allow hydrogen ions to pass through it, Calvin Cycle - The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar,

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