print (<item>) - Displays <item> on the screen, input (<prompt>) - Displays <prompt> on the screen and returns the line typed in, <fileid> = open (<filename>, "r") - Opens file for reading, for <line> in <fileid>: - Reads every line, one at a time, <alist> = <fileid>.readlines () - Returns a list where each item is a line from the file, <aline> = <fileid>.readline () - Returns a line from a file. Returns an empty string on the end of the file, <fileid> = open (<filename>, "w") - Opens a file for writing, <fileid> = open (<filename>, "a") - Opens a file for appending, <fileid>.writelines (<structure>) - Writes <structure> to a file. <structure> is a list of strings, <fileid>.write (<aString>) - Writes a single string to a file, <fileid>.close () - Closes file, len (<object>) - Returns the length of the <object>, such as a string, one-dimensional or two-dimensional data sturcture, range (<start>, <stop>, <step>) - Generates a list of numbers using <step>, beginning with ,start. and up to, but no including, <stop>. A negative value for <step> goes backwards, round (<x>, <n>) - Rounds <x> to the number of <n> digits after the decimal (uses the 0.5 rule), <list>.append (<item>) - Adds <item> to the end of the list, del <list>[<index>] - Removes the item at <index> from list, <list>.insert (<index>, <item>) - Inserts <item> just before an existing one at <index>, <aList> = list () / <aList> = [] - Two methods of creating a list structure. Both are empty, import <library> - Imports the <library> module into the current program, <string>.upper () - Returns the original string in uppercase, <string>.isupper () - Returns True, if all characters are uppercase, <string>.split (<char>) - Returns a list of all substrings in the original, using <char> as the separator, <string>.strip (<char>) - Returns original string with all occurrences of <char> removed from the front and back, def <procname> (): - A procedure with no parameters, def <procname> (<paramA>, <paramB>): - A procedure with parameters, return (<value>) - return the <value> to the main program,

Python 5 Commands (PLS revision)

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