Evolution, A change in a population’s allele frequencies over generations., Gene pool, All the alleles present in a population., Allele frequency, How common an allele is in a population., Genetic variation, Inherited differences between individuals in a population., Mutation, A change in the DNA sequence that can create a new allele., Selection pressure, A factor that affects an organism’s chance of surviving and reproducing., Natural selection, Individuals with advantageous inherited traits survive and reproduce, making those traits more common over generations, Adaptation, An inherited feature that improves survival or reproduction in a particular environment., Selective advantage, A feature’s benefit to survival or reproduction in a particular environment., Genetic drift, A random change in allele frequencies due to chance events, Population bottleneck, A drastic drop in population size that can randomly reduce genetic diversity. Usually due to catastrophic events, Founder effect, Allele frequencies change when a small group starts a new population., Divergent evolution, Related species evolve different features under different selection pressures., Convergent evolution, Distantly related species independently evolve similar adaptations due to similar selection pressures, Coevolution, Two interacting species act as selection pressures on each other over generations.

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