Portfolio - It's a purposeful collection of students' work that demonstrates their efforts, progress and achievements in given areas. Its nature and purpose is 'CRADLE' (collecting, reflecting, assessing, documenting, linking, evaluating)., Journal - It's an account of one's thoughts, feelings, reactions, assessments, ideas, or progress toward goals, usually written with little attention to structure, form or correctness. Learners can articulate their thoughts without the threat of those being judged later (usually by the teacher)., Self- assessment - They can be direct and indirect. A student typically monitors him- or herself- in either oral or written production- and renders some kind of evaluation. The evaluation takes place immediately or soon after the performance in the form of checklist that rates performance on a defined scale., Performance test - It requires students to show what they can do with the language as opposed to what they know about the language. It involves oral production, written production, open ended responses, integrated performance, group performance and other integrated skills., Project - It is a dynamic approach to teaching in which in which students explore real-world problems and challenges. With this type of active and engaged learning, students are inspired to obtain a deeper knowledge of the subjects they are studying., Observation - It is a systematic, planned procedure for real-time recording of student verbal and nonverbal behaviour. One of the objectives is to assess students without their awareness so that the naturalness of their linguistic performance is maximized., Peer assessment - It is a type of performance evaluation that is done by individuals who are of equal status as the person who is being assessed. During this process, students can reflect on each other’s works, identify strengths, and also highlight areas needing improvement.,

Examples of Alternative Assessment

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