CPU (Central Processing Unit), A chip within the computer which controls the operation of all parts of the computer and decodes then executes program instructions., ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), The part of the CPU responsible for arithmetic and logical operations, Register, A small area of memory within the CPU where data is stored temporarily to avoid the delay in copying to and from main memory,, MAR (Memory Address Register), A register. It contains the address of the instruction currently being read from or written to main memory., MDR (Memory Data Register), A register. It contains the instruction which has just been copied from main memory., Program Counter, A register. It contains the address of the next instruction to be fetched from memory. It is updated each time a new instruction is fetched to contain the address of the next needed instruction., Accumulator, A register. Stores the result of the last operation., Von Neumann Architecture, The design on which most computers are based. It defines several registers along with the fetch-execute cycle and how the CPU interacts with main memory., Fetch-execute Cycle, Instructions are fetched one by one from main memory, decoded, and then executed by the processor. This cycle repeats until the program is complete

The CPU

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