What is the function of the pupil reflex? - The pupil reflex adjusts the size of the pupil, preventing excess light from entering and damaging the eye and ensuring sufficient light enters the light for an image to be formed., What is the function of the accommodation reflex? - The accommodation reflex adjusts the thickness of the lens to ensure that a clear image can be formed on the retina when looking at distant objects and near objects., What is meant by "the circular muscles and radial muscles of the iris are antagonistic muscles"? - When the circular muscles contract, the radial muscles relax, vice versa., How does the pupil change when a bright light is shone into our eyes? - The increase in light intensity is detected by the retina and a nerve impulse is sent via the optic nerve to the brain. Nerve impulses are then transmitted to the relay neurone and then the motor neurone to muscles in the iris. The circular muscles contract and radial muscles relax, causing the pupil to constrict to reduce the amount of light that can enter the eye., How does the pupil change when we enter a dark room? - The decrease in light intensity is detected by the retina and a nerve impulse is sent via the optic nerve to the brain. Nerve impulses are then transmitted to the relay neurone and then the motor neurone to muscles in the iris. The circular muscles relax and radial muscles contract, causing the pupil to dilate to increase the amount of light that can enter the eye., What is the process that occurs when light passes through the cornea and lens? - Refraction, How does the eye adjust to see objects far away? - Nerve impulses are sent via the optic nerve to the brain, which transmits nerve impulses to the ciliary muscles, causing them to relax. This tightens their pull on the suspensory ligaments, causing the lens to become thinner. Light rays bend less as they pass through the lens and are sharply focused on the retina., How does the eye adjust to see objects close to the eye? - Nerve impulses are sent via the optic nerve to the brain, which transmits nerve impulses to the ciliary muscles, causing them to contract. This relaxes their pull on the suspensory ligaments, causing the lens to become thicker. Light rays bend more as they pass through the lens and are sharply focused on the retina.,

The Human Eye - Flash cards

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