The structural and functional unit of kidney - Nephron , The part of the nephron responsible for ultra filtration - Malpighian body , The fat tissue that protects the kidney - Adipose, The removal of the nitrogenous wastes - excretion , The regulation of water levels in body fluids - osmoregulation , specialised cells with filtration slits found lining Bowman's capsule - Podocytes, Blood vessel that carries purified deoxygenated blood away from the kidney - Renal vein , Outer membrane that protects the kidney against infection - Renal capsule , Tube that transport urine from the bladder to outside of the body - Urethra, the part of the kidney where the malpighian bodies are found - Cortex , The responsible to control water levels in the body - ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) , The hormone that controls the salt levels in the body - Aldosterone , The process of maintaining a constant internal environment within a body - homeostasis , The types cells found in the renal tubule containing mitochondria - cuboidal epithelial cells , Part of the renal tubule that ensures that the medulla has high concentration of sodium ions and low water potential - Loop of henle, The cup-shaped structure found in the malpighian body to enlarge the contact area of the glomerulus - Bowman's capsule , The type of capillary network in the nephron responsible for the the re-absorption of useful substances - Peritubular capillaries, The part of the nephron responsible for tubular secretion - Distal convoluted tubule , The part of the nephron responsible for the re-absorption of useful substances - Proximal convoluted tubule , The active removal of unnecessary substances from the blood - Tubular excretion ,

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