Inversion with BE, When the main verb is be, the verb comes before the subject. Example: Not only was Malala very brave. Pattern: Negative phrase + be + subject., Inversion with Simple Present and Past, If there is no auxiliary verb, we use do / does / did. Example: Little did anyone realize that her profile would bring danger. Pattern: Negative word + do/does/did + subject + base verb., Inversion with Other Tenses, With other tenses, the auxiliary verb moves before the subject. Examples: Never before had anyone challenged the idea. Rarely have I encountered such rudeness. Pattern: Negative adverb + auxiliary + subject, Inversion with Modal Verbs, The modal verb comes before the subject. Example: Under no circumstances should we underestimate her courage. Pattern: Negative phrase + modal + subject + verb, Words That Often Cause Inversion, Inversion often happens after negative or restrictive adverbs. / Examples: Never - Rarely - Seldom - Little - Hardly - Scarcely - Not only - Under no circumstances. Examples in sentences: Rarely have I seen such bravery. / Never have they experienced this situation., Inversion with Only, When a sentence starts with only + time / condition, inversion happens in the main clause. Example: Only if we listen to people like Malala will the world become safer for girls. Note: The inversion is in the main clause, not after if., Inversion in Comparisons, Inversion can also appear after as, so, or such. Examples: Malala’s parents were worried, as was the entire world. Some girls cannot attend school. Such is the reality for many girls.

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