Clue 1 - Increased Heart Rate. Why might heart rate increase when circulating volume falls?, The cardiovascular system may attempt to maintain cardiac output and blood flow to vital tissues. This is an example of compensation., Clue 2 - Reduced Urine Output. Why might urine output fall if somebody is dehydrated?, Reduced circulating volume may decrease renal perfusion. The body may also attempt to conserve water. So, reduced urine output does not automatically mean the kidneys are the original problem. That idea will become extremely important later., Clue 3 - Cool Peripheries. Why might someone's hands become cool when circulation is under pressure?, Blood flow can be redistributed away from less immediately essential peripheral tissues to protect perfusion of vital organs., Clue 4 - Dizziness. Why might dizziness occur?, If circulating volume is reduced, blood pressure and cerebral perfusion may be affected, particularly following a change in posture. The symptom the patient experiences therefore has a physiological explanation underneath it.

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