Electromagnetic spectrum - The full range of electromagnetic waves ranging from radio waves, with the longest wavelength and lowest frequency, through T.V, microwaves, infra-red, Visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays and gamma rays, which have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency., Visible light spectrum - Portion of electromagnetic spectrum that humans are able to detect with the naked eye., Speed of light (in a vacuum or air) - 300 000 000 ms-1 or 3 x 108 ms-1, Specular reflection - Incident ray is reflected at just one angle (equal to the incident angle)., Diffuse Reflection - Incident ray is scattered at many angles from the surface., Law of reflection - Angle of incidence = angle of reflection., Principle of reversibility - A wave which travels along any particular path from some point A to another point B travels by the same path when going from B to A., Concave - Surface that curves inwards., Converge - When rays meet at a point., Convex - Surface that curves outwards., Diverge - When rays separate from one another., Absorption - When (a particular frequency) of electromagnetic wave is taken in by the material (and converted to heat energy)., Reflection - When a (particular frequency of) electromagnetic wave returns from a surface., Transmission - When a (particular frequency of) electromagnetic wave passes through a medium., Additive colour mixing - Combining coloured light., Normal line - dashed line drawn perpendicular to reflecting surface from which angles are measured, Subtractive colour mixing - Combining pigments to absorb certain colours of light, Pigments - Chemical that absorbs certain colours of light and reflects/scatters/ others, Solar eclipse - When the Moon lines up directly between the Sun and the Earth casting a shadow on the Earth, fully or partially blocking the Sun's light, Lunar eclipse - When the Earth passes directly between the Sun and the Moon, casting a shadow on the Moon, Umbra - Fully shaded inner region of a shadow associated with total eclipse, Penumbra - Partially shaded outer region of a shadow, Primary colours of light or secondary colours of pigment - Red / Green / Blue, Primary colours of pigment or secondary colours of light - Cyan / Magenta / Yellow, Angle of incidence - Angle between normal line and incident ray, Angle of reflection - Angle between normal line and reflected ray, Incident ray - Ray approaching surface, Reflected ray - Ray returning from surface after reflection, Mirror - Very smooth surface that reflects light specularly, Curved mirror - Concave or convex mirror,

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