Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - Performs arithmetic calculations and logical operations., Control Unit (CU) - Coordinates CPU activities and sends control signals., Clock - Synchronises CPU operations with regular pulses., Cache - Small, fast memory storing frequently used instructions/data., Buses - High-speed connections transferring data, addresses, and control signals., Registers (General) - Very small, fast memory locations for temporary data storage., Program Counter (PC) - Stores the address of the next instruction to be fetched., Memory Address Register (MAR) - Holds the memory address the CPU wants to access., Memory Data Register (MDR) - Holds data fetched from or waiting to be written to memory., Accumulator (ACC) - Stores results of ALU calculations., Current Instruction Register (CIR) - Holds the instruction currently being decoded and executed.,

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