•Genetic vulnerability - Having a higher risk for developing a specific MHD due to one or more factors associated with genetic inheritance., •Poor sleep - Having inadequate sleep may contribute to or cause MHD, or a MHD may be the cause of inadequate sleep., •Substance use/misuse - In some cases, the active ingredients of a drug may directly contribute to the development or progression of a MHD., •Poor response to medication - Having little to no reduction in the number or severity of symptoms despite taking medication as prescribed, due to genetics., •Poor self-efficacy - Individuals have a low belief in their capacity to execute behaviours necessary to succeed in a specific situation or accomplish a specific task., •Stress - Those with a lower level of vulnerability, level of stress experienced and poor coping abilities are more likely to develop a MHD., •Rumination - Involves repeatedly thinking about or dwelling on undesirable thoughts and feelings, such as problems or bad moods, without acting to change them., •Impaired reasoning and memory - Trouble with goal-directed thinking and problem solving. Memory impairments are associated with a range of mental disorders., •Disorganised attachment - Type of bond characterised by inconsistent or contradictory behaviour patterns in the presence of a primary caregiver, leading to difficulty forming relationships., •Loss of significant relationship - Causes grief – a reaction to loss, comprising a mix of thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Prolonged grief may result in being stuck in a negative state and inability to move forward., •Role of stigma as a barrier to getting help - Discourages help-seeking - many people with early symptoms of a MHD are reluctant to seek help as they associate MHDs with negative and inaccurate beliefs, attitudes or stereotypes.,

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