Cardiac Cycle  - a sequence of alternating contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles, Cardiac Output - the product of heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV), Systole - Heart chamber Contraction, Diastole - Heart Chamber Relaxing, Preload - Amount of blood entering ventricles, Afterload - Resistance ventricles must overcome, Factors that affect Afterload - hypertension, Symptoms of Right-sided Heart Failure - swelling of extremities , Symptoms of Left-sided Heart Failure - Shortness of breath, wheezing , Contractility - The force of the pumping action, Four determinants of cardiac output  - HR, preload, afterload & contractility , Inotropic effect - chemical changes the force if ventricle contraction , Stroke Volume - The amount of blood pumped from the ventricle in one heart beat., Starling’s law of the heart - "what goes in must come out", Ejection fraction - % of blood volume in the ventricle that is pumped by the heart, Chronotropic effect - Change in heart rate, Dromotropic effect - change in speed of conductive impulse ,

Complication of Poor Cardiac Output FollowUp

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