Nucleoid - It contains the DNA of the cell and is necessary for cellular functions., Capsule - Not all bacteria have these. Protects the bacteria from phagocytosis, prevents the bacteria from drying out, and is made up of polysaccharides., Flagellum - Hair-like structures used for locomotion., Bacterial Chromosome - Located in the Nucleoid, Mesosome - Increases the surface area of the cell and is involved in cellular respiration., Pili - Hair-like projections from the outside of the cell’s surface. Helps the bacteria attach and transfer plasmids to other bacteria., Plasmid - Small, circular DNA molecules that can self-replicate. Passed to other bacteria or the environment through the pili., Ribosomes - Essential for protein synthesis., Cell wall - Helps the cell retain structure and determines if a bacterium is gram-positive or gram-negative., Plasma membrane - Semi-permeable membrane made of phospholipids. Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell., Cytoplasm - A gel-like substance that fills the inside of the cell. Suspends structures such as plasmids and ribosomes.,

Structure of a cell

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