Starling's Law - Stretch of the heart muscle due to filling, resulting a increased stroke volume , Anticipatory Rise - inrease in heart rate and breathiing rate due to release of adrenaline , Parasympathetic Nervous System  - Slows down the heart, Sympathetic Nervous System - Speeds up the heart , Stroke Volume - amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one contraction, Systolic Blood Pressure - pressure in arteries when heart is under contraction, Diastolic Blood Pressure - pressure in arteries when the heart is under relaxation , Chemoreceptors - sense chemical changes in the blood (O2, CO2, pH), Baroreceptors - detect changes in blood pressure , Thermorecptors  - sense changes in temperature , Oestrogen - female sex hormone that inhibits bone resorption , Cortisol - helps metabolise macronutrients , Testosterone - Male sex hormone that helps build muscle , Aerobic Energy System - uses oxygen to produce energy (32/33 ATP), ATP-PC Energy System - Fastest energy system that is anaerobic. Uses phosphocreatine at the main energy source, Lactic Acid Energy System - lasts 90sec - 2mins and is anaerobic. Lactic acid is the main waste product produced, Electron Transport System - final part of the aerobic energy system , Phosphocreatine - fuel used in the APT-PC system , OBLA - onset of blood lactate accumulation. Point at which blood lactate is produced fast than it can be used/cleared, 2-10 min recovery time - lactic acid system, 180-240 second recovery time  - Phosphocreatine energy system , longer recover time to replenish glycogen - Aerobic system , Accumulation of waste produces - blood lactate and CO2, Depletion of energy sources - phosphagens and glycogen (liver and muscle), neuromuscular fatigue - depletion of acetylcholine and reduced calcium-ion release , EPOC - Excess post-oxygen consumption, EPOC fast component - restore phosphagens with oxygen and removal of lactic acid  , EPOC slow component - repay oxygen debt myoglobin stores and replenish glycogen stores , DOMS - Delayed onset of muscle soreness , Hypertrophy - increase in muscle size , Hyperplasia - increase in muscle size due to splitting of muscle fibres , capillarisation - increase in size and density of capillaries resulting in greater blood flow , Nervous Inhibition - response of the CNS to stop muscles being injured. Can be reduced after training long term to create move force , Muscle Spindles - detect stretch in muscle, Golgi Tendon Organs - detect tension (strength) of contraction in tendons, Test to measure strength - 1RM, Test to measure muscular endurance - 15RM, Hypoxia - low levels of oxygen , Hypertermia - increase in body temperature when to body cannot lose heat, Hypothermia - low body temperature due to cold exposure  ,

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