1) What term describes the interaction between living things and their surroundings? a) Ecosystem b) Biodiversity c) Fauna d) Environment 2) Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem? a) Plants b) Animals c) Microorganisms d) Air 3) The variety of plants in a specific area is known as: a) Flora b) Biotic component c) Species d) Fauna 4) A group of organisms with similar features that can interbreed is called a: a) Flora b) Fauna c) Species d) Population 5) Which component includes all living things in an ecosystem? a) Abiotic components b) Non-living components c) Biotic components d) Environment 6) All living and non-living components together form our: a) Ecosystem b) Biodiversity c) Environment d) Species 7) Which term refers to the variety of living organisms in a region? a) Habitat b) Biodiversity c) Ecosystem d) Climate 8) Which example represents a biotic component in an ecosystem? a) Water b) Soil c) Animals d) Light 9) Which example is not listed as an example of an ecosystem? a) Forest b) Desert c) City d) Lake 10) The variety of animals in a region is known as: a) Flora b) Fauna c) Species d) Habitat 11) Animals help in which of the following processes? a) Absorbing CO_{2} b) Decomposing dead organisms c) Pollination d) Providing timber 12) What do microorganisms do that enriches the soil with nutrients? a) Provide timber b) Provide oxygen c) Decompose dead organisms d) Provide shelter 13) Which of the following is a major cause of biodiversity loss mentioned in the text? a) Afforestation b) Deforestation c) Reforestation d) Conservation 14) Cutting of forests to expand agricultural land is an example of: a) Conservation b) Reforestation c) Deforestation d) Overgrazing 15) Regions with many endemic (native) species are known as: a) Megabiodiversity regions b) Biosphere Reserves c) Biodiversity hotspots d) National Parks 16) One consequence of deforestation is the loss of: a) Wildlife habitat b) Groundwater increase c) Decrease in CO_{2} d) Decrease in global warming 17) The decline in the number or extinction of species is called: a) Desertification b) Pollution c) Loss of biodiversity d) Afforestation 18) Which natural cause can lead to the loss of biodiversity? a) Building homes b) Forest fires c) Illegal Hunting d) Expanding agricultural land 19) The introduction of non-native plants/animals that harm native species is due to: a) Natural causes b) Illegal Hunting (Poaching) c) Exotic Species d) Overgrazing 20) What consequence of deforestation can lead to desertification? a) Increase in CO_{2} b) Floods c) Soil erosion d) Loss of groundwater 21) Deforestation can cause an increase in CO_{2}, which may lead to: a) Soil erosion b) Global warming c) Desertification d) Floods 22) Which of these is an example of an exotic species mentioned in the text? a) Asiatic lion b) Tiger c) Water hyacinth d) Dodo bird 23) Plants contribute to the environment's balance by providing oxygen through: a) Seed dispersal b) Pollination c) Absorbing CO_{2} d) Providing shelter 24) A cause of species loss that involves the unauthorized capture or killing of wild animals is: a) Deforestation b) Overgrazing c) Droughts d) Illegal Hunting (Poaching) 25) Conservation is defined as protecting plants and animals from: a) Pollution b) Natural causes c) Extinction d) Overgrazing 26) The IUCN Red List is prepared to record: a) All plant species b) Endangered species only c) Threatened species d) All animal species 27) A species that is no longer found is categorized as: a) Endangered b) Vulnerable c) Extinct d) Critically Endangered 28) The Red Data Book lists which categories of species? a) Only Extinct species b) Only Critically Endangered species c) Rare and endangered species d) Only Vulnerable species 29) Which species category is at extremely high risk of extinction? a) Extinct in the Wild b) Endangered c) Vulnerable d) Critically Endangered 30) The Dodo bird is an example of a species that is: a) Critically Endangered b) Extinct in the Wild c) Endangered d) Extinct 31) Endemic species are highly vulnerable to: a) Reforestation b) Habitat disturbances c) Migration d) Conservation efforts 32) Which of the following is not a reason for animal migration? a) To escape extreme weather conditions b) To find a safe place for reproduction c) To promote eco-friendly living d) To find suitable food 33) The Siberian Crane migrates to India during: a) Summer b) Spring c) Winter d) Autumn 34) What is the main aim of a biosphere reserve? a) To build factories b) To allow poaching c) To conserve biodiversity d) To cut trees e) Autumn f) Winter 35) The Forest (Conservation) Act protects forests and makes which actions punishable by law? a) Afforestation and overgrazing b) Cutting trees and poaching c) Building roads and dams d) Conserving biodiversity 36) The Arctic Tern migrates from the Arctic to the: a) India b) South America c) Antarctic d) Siberia 37) The Nilgiri Tahr is an example of an: a) Exotic species b) Migratory species c) Endemic species in India d) Extinct species 38) The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve contains how many Wildlife Sanctuaries? a) One (Satpura) b) Two (Bori and Pachmarhi) c) Three (Satpura, Bori, and Pachmarhi) d) None 39) Project Tiger was launched in which year? a) 1970 b) 1973 c) 1983 d) 1993 40) In a National Park, animals live freely in their habitat, which is unlike what other protected area? a) Wildlife Sanctuary b) Biosphere Reserve c) ZOO d) Protected Forest

Ecosystem and Environment

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