Central Processing Unit, The “brain” of the computer. It carries out instructions, does the calculations and runs all the programs., Graphics Processing Unit, Special chip that draws everything you see on the screen. It’s especially important for games, videos and 3D graphics., Random Access Memory, The computer’s short-term memory. It stores the data and programmes you are using right now so they can work quickly. It empties when you turn the computer off., Read Only Memory, Small, permanent memory that stores the instructions the computer needs to start up (boot). You normally can’t change what’s stored here., Power Supply Unit, Takes electricity from the wall and converts it into safe, low-voltage power for all the parts inside the computer., Heat Sink, A block of metal (often with a fan) that pulls heat away from hot chips like the Central Processing Unit, helping to keep the computer cool and stop it overheating., Optical Drive, A drive that reads and sometimes writes discs. It’s removable, permanent storage often used for films, games or installing software., Hard Drive, Long-term storage for your files, games, photos and the operating system. It may be a spinning drive or a faster solid-state type., Motherboard, The main circuit board that everything plugs into. It lets the Central Processing Unit, memory, storage and other parts communicate with each other., System on a Chip, A single chip that combines the Central Processing Unit, Graphics Processing Unit and memory. Used inside smartphones and smartwatches to save space and power., Solid State Drive, A newer type of storage with no moving parts. It loads programs and games much faster than older hard disks and is more reliable., USB-C Port, A small, rounded USB socket found on modern devices. It works either way up and can be used for charging, storage or screens., Cloud Storage, Online storage space where your files are saved on servers on the internet so you can access them from different devices..

Computer hardware

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