Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Performs arithmetic calculations and logical operations., Control Unit (CU), Coordinates CPU activities and sends control signals., Clock, Synchronises CPU operations with regular pulses., Cache, Small, fast memory storing frequently used instructions/data., Buses, High-speed connections transferring data, addresses, and control signals., Registers (General), Very small, fast memory locations for temporary data storage., Program Counter (PC), Stores the address of the next instruction to be fetched., Memory Address Register (MAR), Holds the memory address the CPU wants to access., Memory Data Register (MDR), Holds data fetched from or waiting to be written to memory., Accumulator (ACC), Stores results of ALU calculations., Current Instruction Register (CIR), Holds the instruction currently being decoded and executed..

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