Zone of Proximal Development, Difference between what a student can do independently and what they can accomplish with guidance and support. E.g. ELL students may understand a concept but lack the English vocabulary or language skills to demonstrate their understanding independently., Silent Period/Pre production Stage of Language Acquisition, learners demonstrate very limited understanding of English and typically do not speak. Methods of communicating are usually non-verbal methods like pointing, making gestures, nodding, or creating visual illustrations while building basic listening skills., Early Production Stage of Language Acquisition, Students begin communicating using single words, familiar phrases, or short two-word responses. Their comprehension is developing, and grammatical errors are normal/ expected., Emergence Speech Stage of Language Acquisition, Students begin producing simple sentences and participating in daily conversations. Comprehension improves, but grammar, pronunciation, and academic vocabulary are still developing., Intermediate Fluency: Stage of Language Acquisition, Students demonstrate stronger comprehension and communicate using longer, more complex sentences. They may be comfortable with social English but still need support with academic vocabulary, unfamiliar concepts, and complex language structures., Advanced Fluency (Stabilization) Stage of Language Acquisition, Students communicate fluently in most situations and self correct themselves. They may still need support with sophisticated academic language, writing conventions, and specialized vocabulary., A principle of effective additional language learning is..., Educators should value students cultures and home languages as strengths, 1 of Krashen’s 5 theories on language acquisition, Language development begins with listening and understanding rather than speaking. As students are exposed to meaningful language through conversations and everyday interactions, they gradually build comprehension and become more comfortable using the language themselves (The Acquisition-learning Hypothesis), BC Performance Standards, Focus on student achievement in curricular learning areas and are assessed on student performance in relation to grade-level expectation, BC ELL Standards, Focus on students English language development across listening, speaking, reading, and writing., A strategy used for students in the Pre Production stage of language development, Slow speech, emphasize words, low pressure to speak out loud, A strategy NOT used for students in the Early stages language development, Consistently correct students language when they make a mistake, The "highest" level of language development according the stages, Stabilization Stage, Ask questions that require a simple/short answers is a strategy for which language development stage, Emerging Speech Stage, Explicit vocabulary instruction, Important for ELL students because they may struggle with unfamiliar words that teachers assume they already know.

Module 4 Quiz: Recognizing Second Language Learning

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