sequencing - the process of determining the order of DNA nucleotides, polymerase chain reaction - process of making multiple copies of a gene, genetic engineering - process of manipulating the genes within an organism, gene therapy - transferring DNA to treat diseases or disorders, restriction enzyme - used to CUT DNA into fragments, transgenic organism - organism whose DNA contains fragment of another organisms DNA, GMO - organism that has been genetically altered, DNA fingerprinting - sorting DNA fragments by electrophoresis, recombinant DNA - DNA that has other DNA inserted into it, mutagens - agents that cause mutations, chromosomal - type of mutation that is the most severe, human genome project - identified all human genes; took 19 years to complete, mutation - a genetic error that occurs in a nucleotide base in a section of DNA, tumor - mass of cells growing uncontrollably, Down Syndrom - a type of chromosome mutation, deletion, inversion, nondisjunction - types of chromosomal mutations, chemotherapy - use of chemicals to treat cancer, benign - tumors that have not spread, metastasized - tumors that has spread, vector - used to deliver modified DNA during gene therapy, carcinogens - agents that increase the risk of cancer,

Chapter 9

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